The Importance of DEXA Imaging in Early Detection of Osteoporosis

Our bodies constantly absorb and replace bone tissue, and new bone creation doesn't keep up with old bone removal as we age. Osteoporosis is often called the "silent disease," as many people have no symptoms of bone loss until they experience a bone fracture.

Women typically start with lower bone density than men, and the loss of estrogen over time can increase the risk for osteoporosis. While osteoporosis can begin at any time for adults, women typically experience bone loss a few years before menopause. Osteoporosis used to be referred to as a "woman's disease" since women are at risk earlier in life. But men over 70 years of age are equally at risk.

In some cases, osteoporosis can be preventable. The sooner you start keeping your bones healthy, the better off you will be in your 50s and beyond. The stage before osteoporosis is called osteopenia. This is when, through testing, a person can be diagnosed with lower bone density than average for their age but not low enough to be classified as osteoporosis.

Testing bone density (how strong one's bones are) is the primary testing method for osteopenia and osteoporosis. The most widely used scan, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA or DEXA), determines bone health and one's risk of fracture due to osteoporosis. DEXA scanning focuses on two main areas -- the hip and the spine, and these areas can give your doctor a good idea of whether you're likely to get fractures in other bones in your body.

A DEXA scan generally takes 10 to 20 minutes. There is no pain involved, and radiation exposure is minimal. You will lie on an open X-ray table and remain still while a scanner passes over your body. The DEXA scanner produces two X-ray beams, one high-energy and one low-energy. The machine measures the X-rays that pass through the bone from each beam.

A DEXA scan can detect osteoporosis even before a fracture occurs and can help predict the chances of getting fractures in the future. It can also determine the bone loss rate and the different body bones with low density.

While osteoporosis is not reversible or curable, one can make several health and lifestyle adjustments to slow bone loss. Eating a diet rich in calcium and Vitamin D-fortified foods can help, such as dairy products, leafy green vegetables, tofu, and nuts. Weight-bearing exercises such as strength training and walking help prevent bone loss and strengthen weak bones. Smoking cessation and limiting alcohol consumption are also advised. A doctor may prescribe medication to help rebuild bones and slow bone loss.

If left untreated, osteoporosis can lead to serious bone fractures, especially in the hip and spine. Hip and spine fractures can cause severe pain, possible disability, or even require surgery. Women 65 and older and men 70 years and older, even with no risk factors, are recommended to get a DXA scan. Both men and women who are 50 and older and who have certain risk factors are encouraged to get a bone density test.

Imaging Specialists offers the most advanced densitometry technology available. The Women's Imaging Center at Imaging Specialists uses GE DEXA equipment for high-quality imaging, high speed, and unmatched precision. It is an excellent tool for getting the most specific information required to help your healthcare provider make recommendations to help you protect your bones or treat the early signs of osteoporosis.